Shi’a Islam, also Shi’ite Islam, or Shi’ism (Arabic:?
???, Persian:???? translit: Sh?‘ah) is a denomination of the Islamic faith. It is short for Sh?’at ‘Ali (Arabic: ???????? ?, or “the party of ‘Ali”). Even though it is the second largest denomination of Islam, among the hundreds of millions of Muslims Shi’a muslims are considered to be a minority in number. Shi’a Muslims adhere to what they consider to be the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad and the religious guidance of his family whom they refer to as the Ahlul Bayt. Thus, Shi’as consider the first three ruling caliphs of Islam a historic occurrence and not something attached to faith. The singular/adjective form is Sh?’? (????.) and refers to a follower of the Household of Muhammad and of Ali ibn Abi Talib (Imam Ali) in particular.
Shi’a Islam, like Sunni Islam, has at times been divided into many branches but only three of these currently have a significant number of followers. The best known and the one with most adherents is Twelvers (also known as ???? ????? Ithn? ashariyya Shi’a) the others are Ismaili and Zaidiyyah. Alawites also claim to be Shi’a,[1] but mainstream shias denounce them as heretics.
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